Seeking Truth in A Dolls House :: A Dolls House Essays

Seeking Truth in A Dolls House.   The characters, in Henrik Ibsens A Dolls House, are hiding from each other and quest the truth about each other and about life.  The game of hide and seek that Nora plays with her children, she also plays with her husband.  She hides her actions and her true personality from him.  He also hides his life from her.  thought process that she would neer even understand, he keeps all the business of their relationship secret from her.  Although Nora hides from her husband, she also plays the role of seeker.  Nora wants to seek out the truth of her life.  Much of the play is a game of hide and seek. Excellent.        Nora plays a game of hide and seek(Ibsen 506)* with her children. The simple game can be seen also as a symbol of genuine life in the play.  Nora is playing hide and seek with the adults in her life. Nora is trying to keep something away from public knowledge and especially away from her husband.  She hides the fact that she borrowed notes to save his health.  She was afraid that if Torvald knew that she had taken initiative to borrow money to help him that it would be painful and humiliating(Ibsen 501) for him.  She knows that Torvald needs to feel in control of everything.  So she hides her actions from him.        Nora hides the fact that she has done something illegal from Torvald.  She is given the opportunity to tell Torvald and maybe get his support or advise on the situation, and she lies to him to hide the truth.  She claims that the reason that she does not want Torvald to fire Krogstad is that this fellow writes in the most scurrilous newspapers...he can do Torvald an unspeakable amount of harm(Ibsen 519).  Nora hides the truth and replaces it with lies.  Torvald does not know that if he fires Krogstad that the consequences will affect his whole family.  Nora could have told him, but instead sh e decided to hide the truth from her husband.        She also hides her own strength.  She plays the part that she has come accustomed to, organism the doll.  The first time in the play that Torvald refers to Nora, he calls her a little lark(Ibsen 493).  Throughout the play, he refers to her as a cute little animal, never with any word that might imply a situation of his peer.

The Debate :: Personal Narrative Essays

The Debate Memory can be so fickle. Like around great intensity that is slow loosingits pages, you begin with an entire novel full of details and descriptions and,if youre non c beful, you end up with nothing more than the cover and the briefsynopsis on the binding page. My novel on the subject of the end of summer schooldebate has lost its share of pages entirely the back-cover synopsis, the essence ofthe entire experience, is still with me. We are active to begin our annual debating tournament, the instructorbeamed with an enthusiasm that let each of us know how happy he was that we hadmade it this far. It will be the closure of your sixer weeks of learning andwill count as a considerable part of your grade for the dividing line. We will beginat eight tomorrow morning. find some practice, operate some sleep, see you there. I dont know what drew me to the course but I can remember my parentstelling me they felt I should go to summer school. I was opposed to the concepto f summer school right up to the moment I was issued the dictum go to school orget a job, at which point I became the worlds greatest advocate of off-seasonlearning. Besides, I was only fifteen and the workplace just wasnt immortalisey forme. So I thumbed through the course book, singing a chorus of nos until Iarrived on the Debate and Public Speaking page. There resided a mountainous pic of a boy confidently standing behind an ornate podium, clearly frozenin the middle of some captivating and influential argument. I read the passagedescribing the course and was immediately sold. How could a stuffy math classor a trivial course in art correspond to a course that teaches students the skillsand techniques of competitive debate, culminating in a week ache tournament?So I filled out the forms and mailed them and before I knew It I was sitting ina lecture hall, learning the skills and techniques of competitive debate. As I have said, I was only fifteen and perhaps this debating course wasnot yet ready for me either. I was both the youngest and least experienced ofthe lot. Little could be done to gain ground on the former adversity, but I setabout rectifying th latter by filling a notebook with all the wisdom that theteacher could impart to us during the arcminute long periods. When it was time forThe Debate Personal Narrative Essays The Debate Memory can be so fickle. Like some great book that is slowly loosingits pages, you begin with an entire novel full of details and descriptions and,if youre not careful, you end up with nothing more than the cover and the briefsynopsis on the back page. My novel on the subject of the end of summer schooldebate has lost its share of pages but the back-cover synopsis, the essence ofthe entire experience, is still with me. We are about to begin our annual debating tournament, the instructorbeamed with an enthusiasm that let each of us know how happy he was that we hadmade it this far. It will be the culmination of your six weeks of learning andwill count as a considerable part of your grade for the course. We will beginat eight tomorrow morning. Get some practice, get some sleep, see you there. I dont know what drew me to the course but I can remember my parentstelling me they felt I should go to summer school. I was opposed to the conceptof summer school right up to the moment I was issued the dictum go to school orget a job, at which point I became the worlds greatest advocate of off-seasonlearning. Besides, I was only fifteen and the workplace just wasnt ready forme. So I thumbed through the course book, singing a chorus of nos until Iarrived on the Debate and Public Speaking page. There resided a largephotograph of a boy confidently standing behind an ornate podium, clearly frozenin the middle of some captivating and influential argument. I read the passagedescribing the course and was immediately sold. How could a stuffy math classor a trivial course in art compare to a course that teaches stude nts the skillsand techniques of competitive debate, culminating in a week long tournament?So I filled out the forms and mailed them and before I knew It I was sitting ina lecture hall, learning the skills and techniques of competitive debate. As I have said, I was only fifteen and perhaps this debating course wasnot yet ready for me either. I was both the youngest and least experienced ofthe lot. Little could be done to gain ground on the former adversity, but I setabout rectifying th latter by filling a notebook with all the wisdom that theteacher could impart to us during the hour long periods. When it was time for

Comparing Carbon Footprint of Reusable Nalgene Water Bottles to Single

One of the greatest problems facing humanity is global climate change. Global climate change is the increase in fair(a) global temperature, caused by an increase in greenhouse gases. Greenhouse gases are the blanket of gases surrounding the earth that allow the world to be inhabitable. This layer of piss vapor, cytosine dioxide, methane, and other gases works in the same way that a greenhouse does, by trapping heat energy inside the atmosphere. Unfortunately, since the Industrial Revolution, quite a little have released more of these gases into the atmosphere, thickening the blanketing layer. This thicker layer traps more heat, leading to dramatic changes in the earths climate. In order to reduce to potential climate change, the amount of greenhouse gases being released need to be reduced.One starting point to reducing the amount of greenhouse gases that you release is to befall your car bon footprint. The carbonfootprint is the marrow amount of greenhouse gases that is emitted over the full life of a process. Although it is called the carbonfootprint, it is a measure of the total greenhouse gases released, converted to the equivalent amount of CO2. This reduce isnot completely accurate, but it is a good estimate of the amount of CO2 released into the atmosphere through ouractivities. Once you have found your personal carbon footprint, you can begin to work to reduce it. One way to reduceyour carbon footprint is to look closely at each product you use, and find a more carbon efficient version. This paper can help you with that.In this paper, you will find a comparison of the carbon footprint o... ...s&oldid=228960982 peace-loving Institute (2008). Bottled Water and Energy A Fact Sheet. Retrieved July 31, 2008, Web site http//www.pacinst.org/topics/water_and_sustainability/bottled_water/bottled_water_and_energy.htmlPimental, David & Marcia. Energy use in food pr ocessing for nutrition and development. Retrieved July 31, 2008, from http//www.unu.edu/unupress/food/8f072e/8f072e06.htmNeustaedter, Randall (7/18/2004). Plastic Water Bottles. Retrieved July 31, 2008, from Holistic Pediatric Association Web site http//www.hpakids.org/holistic-health/articles/108/1/Plastic-Water-BottlesImageshttp//jamaicaplainforum.org/wp-content/uploads/2008/02/low-carbon-diet-earth.jpghttp//archives.zinester.com/13183/128920/202817_global-warming%20(Small).jpghttp//www.martin-waugh.com/wp-content/uploads/2007/08/water-drop-1b.jpghttp//www.nalgene.com

Macbeth :: essays research papers

A struggle is present in e truly tragedy, as a person tries to overcome their flaws and fit the sit of their ideal. William Shakespeare plainly delimitate a good troops in the play "Macbeth". This goal by its definition is a difficult one for any man to achieve. Prudence and system of logic, soberness and patients, as well as the vindication of honor are Shakespeares defining characteristics of a good man.As with any well written tragedy, Macbeths title character and triggerman had to fall from his place of greatness to see his faults and begin his agonizing climb back to his previous position. His position, that of a good man, was one that demanded heed in the first-class honours degree of "Macbeth". The Sergeant described Macbeths honor and bravery to king Duncan in act I, scene 2."For brave Macbeth-well he deserves that name-Disdaining fortune, with his brandishd steel,Which smoked with bloody execution,Like valours minion carven out his passageTill h e faced the slave..."Macbeth defended his kings honor as well as his own, as Shakespeare showed a good man never backed consume from a foe.In the afterwards acts of the play, Shakespeare furthered the definition of a good man by portraying what a bad one was non. In Macbeths darkest hours, he showed no gull of prudence and logic as he slayed king Duncan, and hired assassins to murder his friend Banquo. Macbeth displayed his temerity in act IV scene 1 saying,"...from this momentThe very firstlings of my heart shall beThe firstlings of my hand. And eve now,To crown my thoughts with acts, be it thought and done..."Macbeth was no longer the logical, thinking man whom many admired. He had become reckless, acting with except his passion and not his mind. The tragedy of the murders he brought on fair Scotland was a direct result of this violation of the criterion of a good man.The intimately patent flaw, and perhaps the most tragic in Macbeths character, is his lack of patients and temperance. These shortcomings haunted Macbeth, causing him to let his "overvaulting ambition" rush fate, and hasten his doom. Macbeth could not wait for an appointment to a position of more power. Instead, he murdered the king to take his place. Opting not to wait to see if Banquo would be loyal to him, Macbeth had his companion murdered. His impatience led Macbeth to mind to his wife, the witches, and his darker side.Macbeth essays research papers A struggle is present in every tragedy, as a person tries to overcome their flaws and fit the mold of their ideal. William Shakespeare plainly defined a good man in the play "Macbeth". This goal by its definition is a difficult one for any man to achieve. Prudence and logic, temperance and patients, as well as the vindication of honor are Shakespeares defining characteristics of a good man.As with any well written tragedy, Macbeths title character and hero had to fall from his place of greatness to see h is faults and begin his agonizing climb back to his previous position. His position, that of a good man, was one that demanded respect in the beginning of "Macbeth". The Sergeant described Macbeths honor and bravery to king Duncan in act I, scene 2."For brave Macbeth-well he deserves that name-Disdaining fortune, with his brandishd steel,Which smoked with bloody execution,Like valours minion carved out his passageTill he faced the slave..."Macbeth defended his kings honor as well as his own, as Shakespeare showed a good man never backed down from a foe.In the later acts of the play, Shakespeare furthered the definition of a good man by portraying what a bad one was not. In Macbeths darkest hours, he showed no sign of prudence and logic as he slayed king Duncan, and hired assassins to murder his friend Banquo. Macbeth displayed his temerity in act IV scene 1 saying,"...from this momentThe very firstlings of my heart shall beThe firstlings of my hand. And even now, To crown my thoughts with acts, be it thought and done..."Macbeth was no longer the logical, thinking man whom many admired. He had become reckless, acting with only his passion and not his mind. The tragedy of the murders he brought on fair Scotland was a direct result of this violation of the criterion of a good man.The most apparent flaw, and perhaps the most tragic in Macbeths character, is his lack of patients and temperance. These shortcomings haunted Macbeth, causing him to let his "overvaulting ambition" rush fate, and hasten his doom. Macbeth could not wait for an appointment to a position of more power. Instead, he murdered the king to take his place. Opting not to wait to see if Banquo would be loyal to him, Macbeth had his companion murdered. His impatience led Macbeth to listen to his wife, the witches, and his darker side.

Free Handmaids Tale Essays: An Analysis :: Handmaids Tale Essays

The Handmaids Tale          The novel, The Handmaids Tale, by Marg bet Atwood focuses on the choices made by the company of Gilead in which the preservation and aegis of mankind is more highly regarded than freedom or happiness. This society has undergone many physical changes that have led to extreme psychological ramifications. I think that Ms. Atwood believes that the chance of our society becoming as that of Gilead is very evident in the choices that we make today and from what has occured in the past. Our actions will inevitably catch up to us when we ar most vulnerable.   We are for breeding purposes..There is supposed to be nothing entertaining about us, no room is to be permitted for the flowering of secret lusts..We are two-legged wombs, thats tout ensemble sacred vessels, ambulatory chalices (p. 176).   In the society of Gilead, the most highly valued aspect of life is giving birth to a healthy child without deformities. Gilea d was the consequence of a nuclear world war (or some type of chemical mishap involving most of the world). As a result of this, some women and men are left sterile and unable to increase the significantly decreased population. The women who are fertile are placed in institutions where they are trained in the dish up of pregnancy and child bearing, those who are not are left to die in areas with concentrated radiation.   This society has undergone a change so extraordinary that it has taken us from one extreme to the next, leaving many people wondering what happened to make it so. The things that were most highly honored and respect are now do by with disdain. These changes were not all detrimental but the majority of them we could have done without. Ms. Atwood poses that humankind has a nature to develope, whether that development is for the empowerment or destruction of our society is unknown until the consequences take place.   I used to think of my body as an instr ument, of pleasure, or a means of transportation, or an implement for the accomplishment of my will...There were limits, but my body was nevertheless lithe, single, solid, one with me...Now the flesh arranges itself differently. Im a cloud, congealed around a central object, the shape of a pear, which is hard and more real than I am and glows red within its translucent wrapping (p.

To Build A Fire Character Stud Essay -- essays research papers

In "To Build a Fire," Jack London expresses his perspective of the multitude of greenhorns who flocked to the yukon in a rush for gold. It is apparent(a) that he believed that these newcomers were too inexperienced and blinded by gold fever to survive the trip. Like many of them, "the Man" is driven by his own goosey ego to act irrationally and to not follow wise advice. Though his consience continually nags at him, his ego-driven way of thought keeps pushing him blindly forward. The Man is not only representative of other fortune hunters like himself, but he also repersents every person on this planet. All of us, at some train in meter, pushed our own consience aside and followed our own selfish ego.     The Man was a newcomer to the land, yet when he was offered advice on how to survive the harsh conditions of the Yukon, he ripe laughed at itIt certainly was cold, was his thought. That man from Sulphur Creek had spoken the truth when tellin g how cold it sometimes got in the country. And he had laughed at him at the time That showed that one must not be too sure of things.This shows that he is driven by his ego, and like many other young men, he thinks that he is so much better than everybody else that he does not even listen to the advice of an old man who has proably been living in the Yukon longer than the Man has been alive.Fifty degrees bleow nought stood for a bite of frost that hurt and that must be guarded against by the...

To Build A Fire Character Stud Essay -- essays research papers

In "To Build a Fire," Jack London expresses his perspective of the multitude of greenhorns who flocked to the yukon in a rush for gold. It is evident that he believed that these newcomers were too inexperienced and blinded by gold fever to survive the trip. Like many of them, "the military personnel" is driven by his own foolish ego to act irrationally and to not follow wise advice. Though his consience continually nags at him, his ego-driven way of thought keeps pushing him blindly forward. The Man is not only representative of other fortune hunters like himself, but he also repersents every person on this planet. All of us, at some point in time, pushed our own consience aside and followed our own selfish ego.     The Man was a newcomer to the land, yet when he was offered advice on how to survive the acrid conditions of the Yukon, he just laughed at itIt certainly was cold, was his thought. That man from Sulphur Creek had spoken the truth when telling how cold it sometimes got in the country. And he had laughed at him at the time That showed that one must not be too sure of things.This shows that he is driven by his ego, and like many other materialization men, he thinks that he is so much better than everybody else that he does not even listen to the advice of an old man who has proably been living in the Yukon longer than the Man has been alive.Fifty degrees bleow zero stood for a bite of frost that hurt and that must be guarded against by the...

Amazon Books and Writers Essay

Miss Furr and Miss Keene has a reputation of being one of Gertrude beer mugs more controversial works. originally published in 1922, the horizontal surface tells of the lives of two women who live to accepther. The story is written with a limited lexicon and contains the word gay which appears over a hundred times. It is purported to be one of the first coming out stories published, and through its reprinting in Vanity Fair in 1923, the underground meaning of gay became more wide known (Amazon Books and Writers, 2008).Steins style of writing utilisations repetition as a literary device. Those who grew up saying Dr. Seuss will have no tiff reading Miss Furr and Miss Skeene while those who are unfamiliar with Dr. Seuss will find the text quite confusing. This is because Stein, as a linguist and infixedist, utilizes repetition as a means of achieving the natural primary processes of perception and thought (Kimball, 1998). This is the primary reason why Steins writing is ofttimesti mes regarded as gibberish.However, those who use up her body of work will find that it is through this system that Stein conveys the gradually changing present of human consciousness, the instability of emotion and thought (Perloff, 1999, p. 98). This method allows Stein to let the reader experience the thoughts being conveyed as they are being written (natural) instead of conveying the thought after it has been written (synthesized). Her use of this playful style in Miss Furr and Miss Skeene is intended to rouse confusion both literally and metaphorically to reflect the thoughts of the writer (as Stein is overly a lesbian) and the characters in the story.This also enables Stein to dissect one event into many while still pertaining to that one eventlike an episode of 24 where the focus is that one hour but seen in different contexts. Repeating is used here as a deliberate regression of sortsan attempt to get at (sometimes to get back to and recover) the real things lying below th e surface (the unconscious, the primitive, the primary raw passions of desire, love, jealousy, power, prestige, etc. ) in order to illuminate the nuanced ways that characters bring off subconscious desires through the coded conventions of everyday polite conversation (Nelson 2000).Steins depiction of these women, like the way she usually depicts her subjects, are meant to be taken as they are. Steins modernist style of writing remains impervious to such an easy reading for it never allows us to make secure judgments about characters and live up to (Behling, 2001, p. 127). Thus, it is literally impossible to say if the characters were caricatures or not. Steins unique technique solely focuses on the action and its multiple contexts instead of one quaint notion.This is evident in her use of repetition without literally repeating. Instead, each perceived repetition is in fact designed to convey a new meaning. An mannikin of this is the repetition of the word gay. In its first use in the seventh sentence of the story, she did not find it gay living in the same pose she has been living, the word gay is used in the context of being bored. However, with each new variation, the word gay is transformed to mean other things, including that of todays contemporary definition.This method of wordplay allows for the double entendre of the story. To the (then) sophisticated, the story is about Helen Furr coming out as a lesbian, while to the less informed, it is a simple story of two women living together. This style is meant to be experienced as it was intended by the author. In fact, Steins works, be it prose or poetry, are often discussed out loud primarily to evoke and channel that which is natural while also appreciating the styles lyricism.Hence, Miss Furr and Miss Skeene would benefit from being read aloud by allowing the reader to experience living where many were living and cultivating in themselves something (Stein, 1993, p. 257)ReferencesAmazon Books and Writ ers (2008). Gertrude Stein (1874-1946). Amazon. com. Retrieved November 21, 2008 from http//www. kirjasto. sci. fi/gstein. htm. Behling, L. (2001). The Masculine Woman in America, 1890-1935. Illinois University of Illinois Press. Kimball, J. (1998). Gertrude Stein and the natural world. Time Sense An Electronic Quarterly on the Art of Gertrude Stein.Retrieved November 21, 2008 from http//www. tenderbuttons. com/gsonline/timesense/1_1kimball. html. Nelson, C. (2000). On Gertrude Stein and Dr. Seuss. University of Illinois. Retrieved Novenber 21, 2008 from http//www2. english. uiuc. edu/finnegan/English%20251/stein_and_seuss. htm. Perloffe, M. (1999). The Poetics of Indeterminacy Rimbaud to Cage. Illinois Northwestern University Press. Stein, G. (1993). Miss Furr and Miss Keene. In G. Stein & U. E. Dydo (Ed. ) A Stein Reader (pp. 254 259). Illinois Northwestern University Press.

Poseidon Essay

God of the sea, protector of all waters. Poseidon is the br new(prenominal) of Zeus. subsequently the overthrow of their Father Cronus he drew wads with Zeus and Hades, an otherwise brother, for shares of the world. His prize was to become lord of the sea. He was widely worshiped by seamen. He married Amphitrite, a grand young woman of the Titan Oceanus.At one point he desired Demeter. To put him off Demeter asked him to make the most beautiful animal that the world had ever seen. So to impress her Poseidon created the kickoff horse. In some accounts his first attempts were unsuccessful and created a variety of other animals in his quest. By the time the horse was created his passion for Demeter had cooled.His weapon is a trident, which can shake the earth, and shatter every object. He is second only to Zeus in power amongst the gods. He has a difficult quarrelsome personality. He was greedy. He had a series of disputes with other gods when he tried to take over their cities.Posei don was the second son of Cronus and Rhea. In most accounts he is swallowed by Cronus at birth but later saved, with his other brothers and sisters, by Zeus. However in some versions of the story, he, like his brother Zeus, did not share the fate of his other brother and sisters who were eaten by Cronus. He was saved by his mother Rhea, who concealed him among a flock of lambs and pretended to have advancen birth to a colt, which she gave to Cronus to devour.3According to John Tzetzes23 the kourotrophos, or nurse of Poseidon was Arne, who denied knowing where he was, when Cronus came searching according to Diodorus Siculus24 Poseidon was raised by the Telchines on Rhodes, just as Zeus was raised by the Korybantes on Crete.According to a single adduce in the Iliad, when the world was divided by lot in three, Zeus received the sky, Hades the underworld and Poseidon the sea. In the Odyssey (v.398), Poseidon has a home in Aegae.The asylum of AthensAthena became the patron goddess of the city of Athens after a competitionwith Poseidon. Yet Poseidon remained a numinous presence on the Acropolis in the manikin of his surrogate, Erechtheus.2 At the dissolution festival at the end of the year in the Athenian calendar, the Skira, the priests of Athena and the priest of Poseidon would process under canopies to Eleusis.25 They agreed that each would give the Athenians one gift and the Athenians would choose whichever gift they preferred. Poseidon struck the ground with his trident and a spring sprang up the water was salty and not very useful,26 whereas Athena offered them an chromatic tree.Temple of Poseidon at Cape Sounion, ca 440 BCThe Athenians or their king, Cecrops, accepted the olive tree and along with it Athena as their patron, for the olive tree brought wood, crude and food. After the fight, infuriated at his loss, Poseidon sent a monstrous flood to the noodle Plain, to punish the Athenians for not choosing him. The depression made by Poseidons trident and modify with salt water was surrounded by the northern hall of the Erechtheum, remaining open to the air. In cult, Poseidon was identified with Erechtheus, Walter Burkert noted the myth turns this into a temporal-causal sequence in his anger at losing, Poseidon led his son Eumolpus against Athens and killed Erectheus.27The contest of Athena and Poseidon was the subject of the reliefs on the western pediment of the Parthenon, the first sight that greeted the arriving visitor.This myth is construed by Robert carve and others as reflecting a clash between the inhabitants during Mycenaean times and newer immigrants. It is interesting to note that Athens at its height was a significant sea power, at one point defeating the Persian fleet at Salamis Is work in a sea battle.The walls of TroyPoseidon and Apollo, having offended Zeus by their rebellion in Heras scheme, were temporarily stripped of their divine authority and sent to serve King Laomedon of Troy. He had them build huge walls a round the city and announced to reward them well, a promise he then refused to fulfill. Invengeance, before the Trojan War, Poseidon sent a sea hellion to attack Troy. The monster was later killed by Heracles.Consorts and baby birdrenPoseidon on an pigeon loft kalyx krater (detail), first half of the 5th century BC. Poseidon was said to have had many lovers of both sexes (see expandable list below). His consort was Amphitrite, a nymph and ancient sea-goddess, daughter of Nereus and Doris.Poseidon was the father of many heroes. He is thought to have fathered the famed Theseus.A mortal woman named Tyro was married to Cretheus (with whom she had one son, Aeson) but loved Enipeus, a river god. She pursued Enipeus, who refused her advances. One day, Poseidon, filled with lust for Tyro, disguised himself as Enipeus, and from their union were born the heroes Pelias and Neleus, twin boys. Poseidon also had an affair with Alope, his granddaughter through Cercyon, his son and King of Eleu sis, begetting the Attic hero Hippothoon. Cercyon had his daughter buried alive but Poseidon turned her into the spring, Alope, near Eleusis.Poseidon rescued Amymone from a lecherous satyr and then fathered a child, Nauplius, by her.After having raped Caeneus, Poseidon fulfilled her request and changed her into a male warrior.A mortal woman named Cleito once lived on an isolated island Poseidon fell in love with the tender-hearted mortal and created a dwelling sanctuary at the top of a hill near the middle of the island and surrounded the dwelling with rings of water and land to protect her. She gave birth to five sets of twin boys(the firstborn who being named Atlas) became the first rulers of Atlantis.28567Not all of Poseidons children were human. In an archaic myth, Poseidon once pursued Demeter. She refuse his advances, turning herself into a mare so that she could hide in a herd of horses he saw through the deception and became a stallion and captured her. Their child was a h orse, Arion, which was capable of human speech. Poseidon also had sexual intercourse with Medusa on the floor of a temple to Athena.29Medusa was then changed into a monster by Athena. When she was later beheaded by the hero Perseus, Chrysaor and Pegasus emerged from her neck. There is also Triton (the merman), Polyphemus (the cyclops) and, finally, Alebion and Bergion and Otos and Ephialtae (the giants).29

Analysis of Challenges in International Management Essay

Analysis of Challenges in International Management Abstract The future(a) essay analysis the challenges in International Management with particular regard to the challenge of cultivation in global occupancy as it is the must intemperate to deal with and being innate for boffo results in a wide range of global solicitude tasks nowadays and in the future. Introduction Today successful international c atomic number 18 requires more than a solidifying of frequent flyer miles or seas angiotensin-converting enzymed expatriate managers. But what atomic number 18 those exclusive challenges of international management in todays world?The importance of international management is constantly increasing, as we exist in a world where globalisation is touch on the traditional borders in a broad range of areas. Trade and investment, Economic alliances, The international stage players, and The work environment are changing rapidly, being back up by the increasing sophistication and lowe r cost of information technology. World trade and investments are growing fast (the volume of world trade among countries has openhanded at an average rate over 8% since 2005 (WTO 2008)), linking the economies and creating opportunities and threats.New, strong and forced competitors are coming from developing nations in Asia and the transitioning economies of Eastern Europe. Furthermore, the constantly rising aim of foreign direct investment overly has a globalising effect (Thomas 2002). Moreover, the emergence of the free-trade areas drastically decreased traditional economic boundaries. So do the three largest groups, the EU, the NAFTA, and the APEC, reputation for nearly half of the worlds trade (Cullen 2002) and the World Trade Organization (WTO) now has 140 member-nations, aiming to reduce tariffs and liberalize trade.But globalization also affects the work environments within organizations. Changes involve cutbacks, team-based management movements and privatization. For i nstance, there can be factory closings, as Nokia closing their German plant in Bochum moving to Romania, because of cheaper labour. in all in all, as one key con era of globalisation, international managers nowadays sustain to face a more dynamic, complex, competitive and uncertain environment and train skills (as a global mindset or the ability to work with the great unwashed from diverse background) not considered necessary for domestic-only managers.The environment of international management can be divided into economic, legal, political, and hea becauseish factors (Thomas 2002). So for qualification closings it is essential to understand the economic strategies of the countries in or with one wants to conduct business with, because level of economic learning and quality of life differs extremely worldwide. Furthermore, there are various national sovereign laws and regulations existing in the world which have to be observed and do allowance for.And in addition, there are several varieties of political systems (e. g. , theocratic totalitarianism in Saudi Arabia), containing different levels of political risks which have to be managed. For instance, decision makers have to able to estimate the ground level of risk associated with a governments involvements in business affairs depending on characteristics of their company. All these factors present cogent challenges multinational management has to face.However, the management challenge of kitchen-gardening and its effects on business practices and organizations is one of the close difficult to deal with. As conducting business with people from other cultures ordain never be easy you have to understand how culture affects management and organizations. Culture is a concept borrowed from cultural anthropology and there are numerous and subtle different definitions. As each definition has limitations focussing on international management the following description of Geert Hofstede seems very helpful.H e defines the culture of any smart set as comprising shared out value, catchs, assumptions and goals learned from earlier generations, imposed by present members of a society and passed on to succeeding generations (Hofstede 2008). Culture is something shared by members of a particular group, differentiates humans from other groups, is transmitted through the process of learning and adapts to external and internal environments and relationships. The international businesssomebody needs to be aware of three levels of cultures that may influence multinational operations.These include national culture, business culture, and organisational cultures (Cullen 2002). National culture can be described as the ascendent culture within the political borders of a nation-state. But one has to be aware that multiple cultures can exist within political boundaries and they do not necessarily reflect cultural borders. For instance, Canada being home to Anglophones and Francophones. Furthermore, e ven relatively homogenous cultures can have diverse subcultures, including cultural differences which are affecting the international business.Neverthe slight, as most business is conducted within the political borders of a state and nations can be defined as political unities, varying in governmental, legal, educational, institutional and labour systems, influencing the way people interact with their environment (Thomas 2002), national culture has the greatest effect on international business being probably the most logic starting point trying to understand the cultural environment. Business culture, reflecting the national culture, influences all aspects of work and organizational life (e. g. , motivating staff, negotiating with business partners, and so on and knowing its prefatorial requirements (e. g. , what to wear to business meetings, business etiquette is more formal in Germany than in the U. S. with conservative dark business suits, etc. ) is essential for the internatio nal manager. Moreover, especially in the last few years, people realized that the culture-concept also holds for individual organizations. So may differences in organizational culture may be one reason why the merger of two otherwise successful companies failed. It is important to evaluate the influence of organizational rules, norms and procedures to understand the causes of behavior in organizations.With shared behaviours, conditional relationship, being socialized into and partly involved in it, etc. organizational culture differs in construction and elements of national culture. horizontal so ground these cultural factors is fundamental for international managers conducting international business, they have to be aware that cultures can just offer wide guidelines for behaviour, as for instance organizational cultures differ within any national context and individuals vary in each culture level. One cannot predict exactly how each person acts, feels, thinks, etc.Nonetheless, b road generalization about a culture provides a level of analysis from which to begin to understand the cultural environment and the complexities of cultural differences, because management functions such as planning, organizing, leading, and controlling in a global economy have to account for them. As international managers have to face various cultural challenges testing their management abilities they must be able to unpack the culture concept. Therefore the basic concepts of cultural proportionalitys can help them understand how two or more cultures might be different.An essential implication of these frameworks referring to international management and culture is that cultural interpretation and adaptation are a prerequisite to the comparative degree understanding of international management practice (Morden 1995). The following sections describe two popular models. Hofstedes Culture Model This Framework, created by dutch scientist Geert Hofstede and based on a research over 1 1600 people in 50 countries (starting with 39 IBM subsiadiaries worldwide), tries to evaluate how basic values underlay organizational behaviour.National differences are investigated by five dimensions of basic cultural values 1. Power withdrawnness 2. Uncertainty avoidance 3. Individualism 4. Masculinity and 5. Long-term penchant (Hofstede 2008). 1. This first value dimension refers to how cultures deal with inequality and tries to postion the inequality acceptance level by unequal power distribution society members. In countries with a high power distance acceptance (e. g. , such as Mexico), people respect and hardly ever bypass formal hierarchy positions (Elizabeth M. Christopher 2008). 2.The second value dimension concerns about the degree humans in a society are threatened by uncertain situations. The social system of a higher uncertainty avoidance society is dominated by regulations and rules, predictabilties and orders and people tend to be suspicious of change, whereas pe ople from lower levels of uncertainty avoidance societies (for instance, countries such as Denmark). tend to be less formal, take higher business risks and plan and structure less 3. Individualism refers to the affinity to primarily take care of oneself and ones direct family, and then to the rest of society (with the U.S. being a good example) (Elizabeth M. Christopher 2008). 4. The fourth dimension of masculinity concerns about the ranking of tradionally masculine values in a society, such as less concerning for others, materialism and assertiveness, whereas feminity on the other side emphasises the quality of life and relationships. 5. Long-term orientation cultures are insistent and saving (e. g. the culture of China) and short-run orientation is more self-centered, money-oriented and more social.All these factors are inter-reliant and interactive in their effects. So shows the Anglo-Dutch example Unilever the practicability of multinational enterprises where the power distance , uncertainty avoidance, and individualism values are similar and where the masculine achievement orientation of the British complements the people orientation of the Dutch (Morden 1995). All in all, so there is a lot of criticism (for instance, the time-dependence of the results, the non-exhaustive investigation of only one multinational US company, etc. to these findings and the model of Hofstede, it is still a very valuable and useful gift for understanding culture and culture-based behavior. Trompenaars Culture Model The model created by Fons Trompenaars its also based on the researched of value dimensions. He studied the behavoiur of 15000 managers, representing 47 national cultures (Hampden-Turner 2008). Five of the 7 dimensions of his model deal with the challenges of how people relate to each other 1. Universalism versus particularism 2. Neutral versus affective 3. Specific versus diffuse . Achievement versus ascription 5. Time as sequence versus synchronisation The two fin al dimensions deal with how a culture manages time and how it deals with nature. They include 6. The society-orientation to the past, present, or future and 7. Control of versus accommodation with nature 1. The value of univerlism refers to the application program to systems and rules objectively, without taking consideration to personal circumstances, whereas the particularism culture (e. g. in countries as Spain) is more subjective and focusses more on relationships. 2.The second, the neutral-versus-affective, value dimension refers on the emotional orientation of relationships (such as expressing your feelings and emotions more like, for example, the Portugese). 3. In Addition the specific-versus-diffus dimension investigates if people from a special culture tend to be more or less specific or diffuse in their relationships (for example, Germans try to separate work and personal issues). 4. In the achievement-versus-ascription dimension, it is asked What is the source of power and status in society? (Elizabeth M.Christopher 2008) So is for instance, in an achievement refering culture, the status of a person mainly based on its individual achievement (such as job performance, etc. ). 5. Time as sequence orientated cultures separate events in time (step-by-step), whereas time as synchronisation-orientated indiviuals manage events in parallel. (For example, if their business partners are not cutting on time, Germans, coming from a time-as-sequence orientated culture, may consider it an insultation). 6. This value dimension is about past versus future orientations. 7.Moreover, this dimension refers to the extent to which individuals feel that they themselves are the primary influence on their lives. Using this framework trying to understand some culture-basics some interesting patterns may emerge. Altough, being recognised for their validity (the results of these both major studies have some significant parallels, even so they were carried out in different times using different methods and examples), these concepts of cultural value orientation proposed by Hofstede and Tropmenaar can only give a basic framework for the analysis of cultural differences.They are utensils to help understand a culture and adjusting business practices to diverse cultural environments. They are for instance, a prerequisite to the successful new-market country entry, whether by setting up licensing or new subsidiaries, joint ventures, mergers or for the judicature of efficient programmes of international HR development (Kay 1993). But international managers have to realise that the understanding of another culture is a inexhaustible learning process.They will have to practice for their international work with or in other countries by studiying all that they can about the country, including more than just the business etiquette. taking into custody the national culture builds just the foundation. As you seldom can get behind the front stage of culture witho ut speaking the national language onother basic instrument is learning the language. But the challenge of culture in international management takes such much more than this. International managers have to broaden their understanding of cultural differences and to learn to seek advantage in differences.Understanding the culture is just a basis for the diverse international management tasks, as suspend cross-cultural communication (using appropiate communication styles), effective and positive motivating and leadership in international organisations and across cultures, successful negotiation with international business partners and making ethically and socially responsible decisions. Conclusion The environment of international management can be divided into economic, legal, political, and cultural factors, with culture being the most dispute and most difficult to deal with, influencing a broad range of management tasks.Providing oneself with the necessary knowlegde and understandin g of the national culture of the country or the people one is conducting business with is essential and builds just the foundation for the successful complementation of global management tasks, such as for instance leadership in multinational organisations (where you have to have understanding of all three levels of culture national, business and organisational culture, being different and influencing each other).

Media : empowering women in globalize world Essay

Wo hands mustinessiness non accept she must challenge she must not be awed by that it has been built up around her she must reverence that muliebrity in her which struggles for expression. -Marg art SangerT here is no chance of the welf atomic number 18 of the world unless the condition of women is improved. It is not possible for a bird to wing on integrity wing. Swami VivekanandaMedia is a part of culture and indian lodge. It is widely accepted that media are transmitters of culture and engines behind planetaryizing cultures. We live in a globalizing age in which people around the world participate in a single information order. Because of globalization and the power of internet,people from Caracas to Cairo are fitting to receive the same popular music, rude(a)s, films and idiot box programs. There is a clear intersection between womens empowerment and media victimisation in the globalizing world. Media were explicitly affect in the second and third waves of womens e mpowerment. The proliferation of media, the explosion of new technologies and the emergence of amicable media in many parts of the world have pictured multiple sources for entrance fee to gender related information and k straight offledge. While inequalities and gender stereotypes exist in social structures and the minds of people, media have the potential drop to propagate and perpetuate or ameliorate these. So, media workers toilet play an important role in opening up thinking of gender equating and gender-based stereotypes through media.Before discussing the topic Media empowering women in a broaden world- it is important to define the concept of media, empowerment and globalizationWhat is media?The term media is defined as a means of communication that operates on a lifesize home base, reaching and involving virtually eitherone in the society to a greater or lesser degree. Media feed the people with the up-to-the-minute information and name the need for dislodge in contemporary society. Media plays a vital role in dissemination of information. Media is the todays most powerful vehicle in molding of beliefs, attitudes, determine and lifestyles. By becoming much gender aware in contented and language, media can present a clearer and more accurate picture of the roles and responsibilities of both men and women in the society. It also paved the way for greater courage of human rights issues, and the condition of marginalized social concourses.Media Types and InfluencesMedia has become an integral part of our lives and cannot be separated from our lives. The media embarrass a wide variety of forms including print media, electronic media and new age media. Print media let ins newspapers, books and pamphlets. Electronic media includes television and radio while the new age media include the internet and mobile phones. It is worth rememberingthat there have been three recent revolutions in the history, i.e. agrarian revolution in farming, attent ion revolution & mass production and information revolution that provides global entrance fee. We are this instant in the midst of information revolution. Due to continuing developments in media technology, we are flooded by a huge volume of non-stop information. Media technologies allow us to take part virtually in occasions and activities in other parts of the world.Definition of empowerment of Women dominance is ab push through people- women and men- taking reassure over their lives, setting their own agendas, gaining acquisitions, building self-confidence, participating in decision-making process and solving problems. Empowerment requires having access to and control over resources and the benefits that are derived from development efforts. It is both a process and an outcome.Economic empowerment of women means ensure womens full participation in mainstream stinting activities including decision making, implementation, access & control and enjoy equal benefits. Social empo werment of women means the transformation of attitudes and beliefs about the rights, roles and capacities of women has enabled them to participate more fully in mixed spheres of life. Political empowerments of women means- take positive discrimination measures for women to ensure equal participation of women in politics. WHAT IS GLOBALIZATION?Globalization means to know about the social, political and scotch empowerment of the women through their status. Globalization is a mode of sharing of the experiences, exchange of ideas, technology and network of the institutions and organizations through bilateral and multilateral arrangements. There are confused means by which globalization mitigate the cross border problems with the help of air planes, telephone services, e-mails and instant capital flows. Globalization strengthening partnerships with civil society, peculiarly women organizations. It is the phenomenon of increased integration of the world economy as evidenced by the int ernational trade and factor mobility. In the womens liberationist analysis ofglobalization, two views are existent regarding the impact of globalization on women and these reveal two divert directions (1)The critics of globalization. These views identified four major criticisms. These includeThe gendered division of laborWomens marginalization in the informal sector of the economy The exploitative nature of Multi-National CorporationsNegative impact of Structural Adjustment programmes imposed in the name of globalization. (2)The second deliberate that are many positives and advantages for women bringing about womens advancement. These including Enhanced employment opportunities for womenHelping to ease the problem of povertyStrengthening womens networksImproving the access of women to health, micro-credit, employment opportunities and information in general.Globalization and the MediaUntil the 1970s, the media industry was differentiated into distinct sectors-for the most part, ci nema, print media, radio and television broadcasting all operated independently of one another. In the past three decades, profound transformations have taken place within the media industry. National commercializes have given way to a fluid global market, while new technologies have led to the fusion of forms of media that were once distinct. By the start of the twenty-first century, the global media market was dominated by a group of about twenty multinational corporations whose role in the production, distribution and marketing of news and entertainment of news could be felt in almost every country in the world. These are the six major shifts that have contributed to bringing about the global media orderIncreasing concentration of ownership The global media is now dominated by a small number of powerful corporations. Small-scale, independent media companies have gradually been incorporated into highly centralized media conglomerates.A shift from habitual to private ownership In the past few decades, theliberalization of the business environment and the relaxing of regulations has led to the privatizations of media companies in many countries.Transnational corporation structures Media companies no longer operate strictly within national boundaries. Likewise, media ownership rules have been loosened to allow cross-border investment and acquisition.Diversification over a variety of media products The media industry has diversified and is much less segmented than in previous times. Enormous media conglomerates, such(prenominal) as AOL-Time warner profiled below, produce and distribute a mix of media content, including music, news, print media and television programming.A growing number of corporate media mergers There has been a trend towards alliances between companies in different segments of the media industry. Telecommunication firms, computer hardware and software manufactures and media content producers are increasingly involved in corporate mergers as media forms become increasingly integrated.Contribution to the womens empowerment Today, media has an important role to play to create awakening in women to accomplish their potential as the rush movers of change in society. sexual practice sensitive indicators for media76% of the people heard or infer about in the worlds news are male. The world seen in news media remains largely a male one. Who Makes the News, Global Media observe Project, 2010The sharpen of the sexual activity-Sensitive Indicators for Media (GSIM) is to contribute to gender equality and womens empowerment in and through media of all forms, irrespective of the technology used. The media are a channel to sample the right to freedom of opinion and expression. For empowerment efforts to be successful, women must be able to exercise their rights in the same manner and to the same tip as their male counterparts. Yet, being able to exercise a universally declared human right is insufficient for empowerment.All owing women access to communication systems, such as media, does not guarantee that their opinions will be expressed equally or that their participation in the media will be mainstreamed stereotyping and alienation of women by the media are hush remarkably widespread phenomena (WACC 2010). According to the International Federation of Journalists (2009), If we continue at the current rate of progress, it will take another 75 years to achieve gender equality in media. Indicators pertaining to gender equality measure the extent to which women participate and are fairly represented in the media.Two main categories build up the gender sensitive indicators for media. These are Category A Actions to foster gender equality within media organizations Gender balance at decision-making level.Gender equality in work and working conditions.Gender equality in unions, associations, clubs and organizations of journalists, other media professionals and media self-regulatory bodies. Media organizat ions promote ethical codes and policies in favor of gender equality in media content. Gender balance in education and training.Category B Gender portrayal in media contentGender portrayal in news & current affairs.Gender portrayal in advertising.Medias Role in empowerment of women in a globalize worldCommunication is extremely important for womens development and media play significant role. Growths of womens education and their entries into employment have contributed to the growth of media. In all spheres of life whether for controlling population growth, spread of literacy or ameliorate quality of life for vast masses, women have crucial role to play. However, women can be expected to play this role when they become conscious of their strength and are not deliberately marginalized by male domination. In this context, media has an important role to play to create awakening in women to achieve their potential as the prime movers of change in society. Intodays world, print, electr onic and social media play a vital role in in effect conveying kernel that needs to be conveyed. Electronic and Print media Empowerment of womenElectronic media such as radio and television as well as print media such as books play a vital role in empowering women. In this context, media has an important role to play to create awakening in women to achieve their potential as the prime movers of change in society. In todays world, print and electronic media play a vital role in effectively conveying message that needs to be conveyed. Family, society and workplace women journalists have to deal with all three the family allows them to work as pilots or doctors, but not as journalists Participant at roundtable in Dhaka, Bangladesh In such a rapidly changing environment, women in media have a large tariff in not only changing attitude towards women but also shaping public opinion. In todays world, with women holding responsible line in newspapers or electronic media, their compet ency is extend to a wider area and a range of issues. More importantly, a woman journalist is expected to turn out more sensitivity to issues relating to women and to more meaningful insights and perspectives. A significant number of women journalists are very successful in magazines dealing with various problems of women and child.With sensitivity and skill for analyzing events in depth, issues such as women abuse and exploitation, harassment of women at workplace and the trauma of HIV infected women, female person infanticide in rural areas find a prominent place in such magazines. The magazines deal with the issues more in depth compared to newspapers and women are considered competent to handle such stories. As per a check in the NCR there are around 900 women journalists and even in cities like Chennai the number is impressive 200. Journalism is no more a male domain. This new trend has also led to a change in the portrayal of women in the media in general and newspaper in pa rticular. It is important to mention here the success of Khabar Lahariya. A group of eight women belonging to backward class bring out this paper from the Bundelkhand region. This paper which is being funded by an NGO was started with an aim to encourage women to fight for their own rights. much(prenominal) kinds of initiative are required in every nook and corner of our country, so as to empower the women at grass root level.But on the other hand, the risks women in the media face, both in the urban and rural areas, have also to be seriously considered. As we move down, from the metropolitan towns and the state capitals, the risks increase. In remoter rural areas a woman journalist and particularly a reporter is a novelty not advantageously accepted and assimilated in the social milieu.Zakia Zaki, shot dead in her home in AfganistanNadia Sharmeen was attacked and hospitalized in Bangladesh. She was harassed because of our religious fundamentalism. Despite these environments, It i s noticed that more and more young graduates are joining the journalism degree and diploma courses, with an ambition to make a mark in the profession, and quite a good dimension of them are girls. With the rapid expansion, almost a proliferation of the electronic media through satellite channels, with the popularity of the FM on the radio and with the growth of the print media, notwithstanding the electronic media, now there is a good scope for absorption of both men and women qualified journalists in various media outlets. Women, young and old, are prepared to weather the risks.The society, therefore, must make arrangements to provide adequate security to the vulnerable section of women in the media to promote their participation at all levels. At last, it can be utter that, now-a-days both electronic and print media play an extremely significant role in spreading awareness, promoting alternative-empowered images of women, breaking down stereotypes and shaping mindset. Women ente ring the labor market are at its peak, there is increase in the number of educated women, and heightened awareness of their mobilization to fight against the unjust and discrimination. Social Media A tool for Women EmpowermentSocial media play a vital role for empowering women. Social media could enhance womens participation in economic and political life, and allows them to increase their self-expression and promote social change, and this is a strong belief that has risen up in the society. For example, large segments of the population have been empowered by the sweeping societal and political transformations in the Arab region, where women became the main drivers for regional change and more engaged in civic and political actionsand took over a leading role in the historic changes sweeping over the region. However, at the regional and global levels reached a debate about the role of social media in these transformations, making it to the policy making circles. This graph shows t o what extent the following statements (below each bar) regarding women and social media are valid-Fimage When analyzing the graph, it appears that the most popular use for social media as a tool of empowerment being communication and self-expression is followed by civic participation and social change. It was found at that more men (65%) than women (62%) believed that social media can be used for the political empowerment of women (Dubai School of political sympathies Report, 2011). Women advancement through the blogosphereBlogging has become a solitary syllabus for free speech in the world. Many female bloggers in the world face a unique challenge to speak out about womens issues often means going against the grain of family and society, but there are well-known female bloggers discussing issues unique to women. Being part of the blogosphere will create a psychological support for women who are hesitant about starting their own blog. This is a paint factor in advancing womens c ourage to take their own personal initiatives. Against oppression and injustice in their communities, women can freely speak out with no censorship of their voices, through their blogs. Blogs are used as public diaries where women discuss personal and public issues in their life and development. Storytelling used by women in blogs to introduce their thoughts has been proven to have its major effect.The image of woman portrayed in mainstream media is that of a submissive stereotypical image. choice media concept originally provoke from the mainstream medias black out of alternative opinion. It can be defined by rediscovering the purpose of mass communication. ersatz media are media inclusive of newspapers, radio, TV, magazines, movies, internet, etc. which provide alternative information to the mainstream media in a given context, whether the mainstream media are commercial, publicly supported or government owned. The main characteristics of alternative media are Small scale and or iented towards specific communities, possibly disadvantaged groups, respecting their diversity fencesitter of state and market Horizontally structured, allowing for the facilitation of audience access and participation within the frame of democratization and multiplicity Carriers of non dominant discourses and representations, stressing the importance of self-representation. The main objective of alternative media towards womans empowerment is to support social struggles, awaken womens consciousness to their subordination, counselor and defend rights. It also aims to promote various groups reflection and popular communication.Alternative media provides an alternative platform to voice the plight of woman against various marginalization and it connects amongst the weaker sections of the society who are deprived of their will to fight against their basic human rights. Various alternative media practices in the worldWomans fraternity radio It is a kind of alternative media effectiv ely nurtures equality, diversity and promotes democratic values amongst women. It help in promoting the grassroots activism and gives a whole range of platform to a feminist public sphere and serve as tool for womans empowerment.World pulse magazine It was founded in 2003 and a nonprofit NY media organization in which ground level initiatives network of people has grown into an international network connecting women across borders and building and rising pulse of womens empowerment across the globe. Such media help woman to become voice of change.GAMCOTRAP It is a movement organization which is abbreviated as Gambia committee on traditional practices that affect health of women and children is a space where women speak in their own language the very personnel and intimate experiences to express the challenges they face and share the coping strategies they have employed.NYC grassroots media spinal fusion It is the coalition which works to build the capacity of diverse communities t o communicate, collaborate and strategize ways to increase awareness and participation in independent media and social justice movements. commonwealth now An alternative news service hosted by Amy Goodman. It plays a more subtle role which serves to sow powerful seeds of misinformation in a way that the compromised mainstream media cannot. melanise music radio or pirate radio a form of alternative media that defies narrow definitions focused on radical content and social movement.Indy media It is the Independent Media Centre is a network of collectively run media outlets for the creation of radical, accurate, and passionate telling of the truth. AlterNet is news-magazine and online community that challenges the right wing media in the United States.OneWorld.net It brings together the latest news and views from over 1,600 organizations promoting human rights awareness and fighting poverty worldwide.Jays Leftist & Progressive Internet Resources Directory is a vast site. Check on the A lternative Media topic, (under Subjects), which includes magazines (such as the New Internationalist, Third World Resurgence and Resurgence), publishers, e-zines and radio/TV.Community Broadcasting Online It provides background information and links to Australian community radio and television. Alternative Radio is a source for public affairs programming which is made available without charge to all public radio stations.The Common Dreams News eye It provides news & views for the progressive community as does Z-Net and the Alternative Press Review all are American. Z-net also has an Alternative Media Watch page.Global Voices Online It scans the international community of bloggers to bring attention to news that otherwise might go unseen.ConclusionIf you educate a man you educate an individual, but if you educate a woman you educate an entire family. Mahatma GandhiSo, education is also one of the prime needs of women towards its development and empowerment in the society. With edu cation, media can act as a platform or bridge to surpass the barrier of essential communication and

On the Sidewalk Bleeding by Evan Hunter

On the Sidewalk Bleeding Critical Essay Marianne La precise The story On the sidewalk release by Evan Hunter deals with the issue of identity through the central character Andy, a young gang member who struggles with his identity as his death draws near. A young boy called Andy who left a nightclub to go and get cigarettes. He started walking through the alley when suddenly he got stabbed. As he got stabbed he heard a voice saying Thats for you Royal Andy had always been proud to be a Royal because the Royals and the guardians were two of the biggest and he was a Royal. Now as he lay dying on the sidewalk with the rain surrounding him, he thought of being a Royal notwithstanding now all he wanted to be was Andy. It is evident that Andy had felt very proud to be a member of the Royals The Royals and the Guardians, two of the biggest. He was a Royal there had been meaning to the title. I weigh Andy was too involved in the Royals to understand that it was only a gang name and his in vigoration was ending at sixteen because of it.Andy decided to join the gang in the first place because it made him powerful, it made him feel like he was somebody. The consequence of his pride was shown when it said Even in his pain, there had been some sort of pride in knowing he was a Royal This tells the reader that he didnt regret ever becoming a Royal. A young person like Andy would join a gang so that they would feel refuge from other gangs. Additionally, if they were in a gang they would feel important to be a member of that gang as it would give them a sense of belonging. later Andy was stabbed and he realized that he was going to die, he began to resent his identity as a Royal and just wanted to be known as Andy. Im Andy he screamed wordlessly, Im Andy. As Andy lay there dying, alone in the dark he wanted to sh bulge out out Hey, Im alive Hey look at me Im alive foolt you know Im alive? Dont you know I exist? Andy was so frustrated and confused. He felt very weak and tired. As every second went by, Andy got more and more weaker.Andys identity as a Royal not only got him stabbed it also prevented people from helping him as they walked past. An example of this was when Angela and Freddie came along and they saw him on the pavement hurt. They were going to hep him but as soon as they realised that he was a Royal, they quickly changed their minds. They said if we get a cop, the Guardians leave find out who. I thought this was very cowardly and selfish of them to leave him there, dying just because they were scared.Andy knew he was at deaths door but he didnt want them to find him and say oh hes a Royal So with great difficulty and determination, he rolled over onto his back. He felt the pain tearing at his stomach when he moved. He lay struggling with the shiny, wet jacket. Pain ripped fire across his body whenever he moved. He squirmed and fought and twisted until one arm was free and then the other. Taking this purple jacket off with the lette ring on the back that read THE ROYALS was very important to Andy because this jacket had ended his life at only sixteen years old.The final part of this story was very sad because Andy died. Andys young lady found him first, but when he did not answer her, she ran until she found a cop. The first thing the cop said when he looked at Andys assassinated body was, A Royal, huh? So Andy didnt even get his final wish, which was to be remembered as just Andy. By reading this story it has made me think about my own identity and I have realized how important it is to keep out of trouble. As I most definitely do not want to be in the same situation as Andy was.

Abortion Policy and Its Consequences

Abstract In this paper I will discuss the or so dominant trends in miscarriage reports in the advance(a) age. We will discuss the issues of morality, health risks and benefits and socioeconomic factors that be a part of the spontaneous abortion discussion. There is a great parcel out of evidence to insinuate that the flip everyplace of the morality of abortion Is an ongoing and ever-evolving discussion. Some of the points made in the expressions discussed be seen as unique or radical, while others are points that have lasted through succession and are subdued strong and relevant today.This paper will analyze the current dialogue that s occurring within our pedantic journals across the globe, including points of view from lacquer, Bangladesh, Australia and the linked States. The key common point that is made throughout the literature is that contempt local laws, religious beliefs, and services appendd, women are still seeking and get abortions. stillbirth Policy an d Its consequences By the sasss abortion was a very common bit. In an article by Alistair El- Muar, it is documented that more(prenominal) than one-third of Australian families were affected by abortion outgrowths in the sasss.There is a great deal of confusion surrounding he subject because, while abortion is legal in many countries, it is practic all(prenominal)y not discussed, clinics are hidden or not made obvious of their location and purpose, and often times euphemisms are used such as getting rid of or taking care of a Japan, the topic of abortion has been more gift for discussion the subject that is taboo is oral cautionary pills. eyepatch abortion is legal and available to women in Japan, the use of protectives the pill and condoms are used sparingly or only during dangerous days, when a cleaning lady is ovulating.However, this results in a spike in the bod of unprecious abortions. Japan differs greatly from other countries such as the United States and Australia in that abortion is not seen as a poor choice, only if, alternatively, a split up choice than taking oral contraceptives. The legality of abortion varies across the globe. But one thing that has stayed consistent and customary over the past twenty years is the abortion crop. Whether legal or not, women are still getting abortions at the same lay out in most countries.In El-Murmurs article Representing the Problem of Abortion Language and the Policy Making Process in the Abortion Law Reform Project in Victoria, 2008, the recess of general assembly reform is described in the light of allowing and extending abortion rights for women. El-Muar shows how the manner in which abortion issues are discussed are commonly over laden with vague spoken language or language that emphasizes a moral bias rather than a logical, rational process of argumentation. Too often the lawmakers are distracted by the prismatic language that tugs at heartstrings as opposed to carefully considering the soundness of the arguments being made.The essence of many arguments is, This is wrong because I believe it is wrong. Legislators consider this whether knowingly or not is un bear as valid a mint as an argument in the form of, The evidence I have presented proves my point because X, Y and Z. El-Murmurs concern with the distraction and misrepresentation of issues is a valid point of concern. How can we make measured, calculated decisions for the entire country when such non-rational, non-linear argumentation is employed? duration the representation of the issue is most likely going to go unresolved for many more years, the Australian government has already come to a finding regarding abortion policies. The legislature now indicates that the controversy over abortion is no longer a legal issue, but, rather, a medical exam issue. In 1992, the Womens Health deputation of National Health and d Medical Research Council (NRC) gathered an expert panel to review the data regarding abo rtion and the legality of the procedure. The expert panel finished their report in 1996, concluding that abortion should be decentralized.However, the NRC rejected their report and argued in op puzzle that abortion be illegal. The actual penal code declared that abortion was illegal and punishable by incarceration. However, in the majority of cases in which a woman had an abortion and was prosecuted, the defendants were acquitted due to the demurrer of necessity the defense made a strong legal argument that the benefits of the procedure out compressed and Justified the illegal action. This dichotomy of code versus punishment has lead to a great deal of confusion among the Australian population.In 2008, the Abortion Law Reform Bill decentralized abortion for citizens of Australia. Not only did it make abortion a legal procedure, but the bill also extended the window of time in which a woman has the opportunity to receive abortion services aft(prenominal) conception. Many who are opposed to this new reformation believe ND bias without any strict, adhered-to guidelines. Now that abortion is no longer illegal, women are unafraid of punishment. However, there is still a great make do amongst medical sea captains as to whether or not they are required to perform such a procedure Just because it is legal.Many doctors who are morally opposed to abortion are turning patients away, despite the new legality. The morality of abortion appears to be an even stronger determinant than the legality of the procedure. In fact, in Robert phones article, Preventing Abortion as a Test Case for the Justifiability of Violence, Audio argues that while abortion whitethorn be gal, and rack up illegal, it is morally acceptable (and he extends this to de jure justifiable) to prevent the instance of abortion by murdering the individual providing abortion services. bit Audios stance on abortion is clearly an oppositional one, his argument is not as clear or as understandable desp ite ones personal views. In this mixed moral-legal discussion, Audio asserts that a would-be mother and her physician are guilty of murder/harm of the unborn child while any individual who acts in violence toward either the would-be mother or the physician is morally devoid cause of a commitment to protecting the intrinsically innocent, the fetus.Whether it be a violent, harassing protest or actual physical harm done to an individual manif gray-headed in providing abortion services, Audio argues that such behavior is morally justifiable and should not be punishable by law. Audios article is a bitter scholarly attack on all women who receive abortion services and all professionals who provide the service. His unsettling discourse leads us to wonder if, under Audios reasoning, women should fear being Justifiably killed for desiring or having an abortion.Due to Audios article and the summate of people in society who may agree with him, women who consider abortion services are trauma tized repeatedly before, during and after such a procedure is performed. To make the decision to terminate a gestation period is traumatic enough. But Audios suggestions are horrific extensions of an already difficult situation. Furthermore, Audios language throughout the article is dry and attempts to come across as objective.Instead of using buzz words such as God and the Bible when discussing the religious immorality of abortion, Audio uses weaker sparkle words such as miracle, divine, and scripture which do not immediately Jump out at the deader as overtly motivated by Christianity. Audio asserts that, regarding women who accept abortion services, We can act wrongly counterrevolution, one aptitude say even when we are within our rights (Audio, 162). This shows the polarity of Audios perspective with regards to the law and what is Just. On another religious path, F.Cam provides a new, unique argument in favor of abortion. Gammas qualitative discussion of the intrinsic value of life and the varying degrees of importance amongst life history creatures is a perfect counter-argument to Audios radical perspective. Cam points out that the reason there is such scrappiness between what one morally believes is right and what one might realistically do in instances that may necessitate abortion services is that we believe in the sacredness of individual life (including early fetal life) (Cam, 222).He argues that there is more human investiture intellectually and emotionally in the mother, but the sacredness of both individuals mother and fetus is equal. Cam calls potential to suffer greatly or even die from a maternalism that is carried to term, Cam asserts that the womans death is worse more undesirable than if the fetus were ported. This follows a common belief that while no deaths are always preferable, one death is more preferable than two. If a mother were to suffer complications or die during childbirth, there would be a great likely hood of venee r two deaths.Furthermore, Cam argues that women, as adults, have intrinsic, incremental objective value as sound as intentions, goals, and rights. Whereas a fetus only has intrinsic, incremental objective value (sacredness). This argument is peculiarly moving in that it reflects that desire to promote the health and well being of the adult woman. Gammas argument considers the timberland of live that a woman face up the barricade of abortion can potentially have due to the benefits that abortion procedures offer.Not many and clearly no Audios arguments take into consideration the fact that once the ordeal is done, the womans quality of life will be much better than if she had faced the risk of carrying a maternity to term and raising a child. Gammas argument is unique and may even inspire changes within the church and within communities in countries that are primarily Christian. A key deciding factor in the internal debate women face of whether or not to go wrought with abort ion procedures is the different aspects of responsibility. In an article by Lawrence B.Finer, Lori F. Forthwith, Lindsay A. Dauphine, Seashell Sings and Ann M. Moore, 1,209 abortion patients were surveyed and interviewed regarding their reasons for choosing to have an abortion. Finer et al free-base that the results indicated that women today are much more concerned with their development and careers than what was previously understood. The majority of women seventy-four percent of those interviewed reported that a child would interfere with their education, their career, or the ability to care for pre-existing dependents.The next most common response seventy-three percent of those interviewed was that financial hardship and the inability to adequately provide for a child was the reason for terminating their pregnancy. The third most common deciding factor forty-eight percent of those interviewed was that the individual was going through relationship conundrums or was facin g being a single mother. An outline of the study participants showed that 40% of the women had decided that they were through with their childbearing years and wanted no more children.Thirty percent of the women say that they had no children and were not ready to come mothers at this time. The researchers also found that the percentage of women who said that their reasoning for getting an abortion was because their parents or their partner wanted them to was less than one percent. Also, the issue of health either that the individual was currently not in good health or that she feared a pregnancy would compromise her health was rarely a concern. This study, both qualitative and quantitative, revealed a great deal more or less the population of women receiving abortion services today.This article has helped to promote a better understanding and lessen the misconceptions of the concerns and oratories of women today. Also, we are able to see that in the majority of cases the decisi on to get an abortion is not a spontaneous decision, but, rather, a well thought out and planned decision that has been analyzed carefully by the individual. Women with regards to how a child would affect their quality of life and how their current life style would affect a childs quality of life if the pregnancy were carried to term.From 1987 to 2004, the reasons for seeking abortion services have remained consistent and the data have changed little. In the debate of morality, it is famous hat women are consciously considering and reconsidering all aspects of this decision. The majority of the women interviewed in this study felt that they were making the best decision. While the consideration of ones education and career weigh heavily on women in America, the same factors are not as paramount in other countries such as Japan.In a study by Going IMHO titled Can Have Abortions But No Oral Contraceptive Pills Women and Reproductive Control in Japan, the issue of eugenic abortions a nd unwanted pregnancies is well-lighted in a new light. In Japan, a strong emphasis is placed on the natural remedies of the body and healing. Anything synthetic and unnecessary is considered toxic. This includes oral contraceptive pills. While condom use is publicly accepted as responsible and sufficient birth control, the use of condoms is not nearly as effective in preventing pregnancy as in the United States.This is because there is a common notion that condoms are only necessary on dangerous days, when a woman is ovulating and most likely to become pregnant (IMHO, 102). When intercourse is had on a day that is not considered dangerous condoms are rarely used. The legalization of abortion came about primarily in enjoin o prevent extra-marital pregnancies due to the large number of conceptions that occurred because of ineffective contraception use. Micros quantitative report on the shocking number of abortions performed in Japan shows the striking cultural differences between e astern and western populations.In the post-World War II era in Japan, the desire for procreation and large families flipped to a preference for small families with only one or two children. The decision to proceed with a pregnancy or to terminate with abortion services was for the most part affected in this era by the advancement of medical science and eugenics. Thanks to new developments in medicine, women are able to have a set of cells from the amniotic fluid surrounding the fetus tested for genetic defects. In Japan especially, any birth defects whether they be cystic fibrosis, Downs syndrome, or ATA-cash, etc. atomic number 18 reason for serious consideration and formability of abortion. However, after a large population of women did decide to use oral contraceptive pills after the development of a low-dose hormone pill, the number of abortions dropped significantly. Until these numbers decreased, ninety-nine percent of all abortions in Japan were done so legally under the Eugenic Protection Law. This law legalized generate abortions as early as 1948. In 1996, this law was renamed the Maternal Body Protection Law due too rise in opposition against eugenics.In 1955, Japan reported 1. 17 million abortions performed each year. This number slowly declined as condoms became widely accepted as proper contraceptive use and declined further after World War II and eugenics practices became the norm. In the sasss, a group led by Nook Moisakos called for the abolition of abortion laws and the cessation of bother to oral contraceptive pills. While many agreed with their stance, Moisakos group was dismissed as radical, militant womens liberation activists. Many saw the pill as a step towards prohibition abortion.In her article, IMHO says, Since there is such and unfailing contraceptive such as the pill, abortions are no longer necessary (IMHO, 101). Eugenics played a large role in the popularity of abortions in Japan. In Sabine Frustums article Womens Rights? The Politics of Eugenic Abortion in Japan, we are urged to despise the process of screening fetus for defects and the process of eugenic abortion. It is Frustums position that the advancement of medical genealogy has launched a new era in abortion policy and has skyrocketed the number of abortions performed each year in Japan.While the numbers suggest that abortion rates have leveled and are fairly consistent year to year, Frustums makes a better argument for a negative disposition towards eugenics. For quite many time, as people watch the world of science grow and present new, unheard of feats, there has been concern over whether or not parents will last be able to biologically engineer the perfect child, taking all of the chance out of natures random fix up. This is a great concern of Frustums as well she calls this concept Freestanding in its depravity.While many people in America see abortion as something that only affects the lower classes and the poor, Frustums emphasizes the opposite that those with the financial sum to screen their fetus for defects or diseases are the ones who are taking advantage of abortion services the most. However, Rachel K. Jones and her colleagues countered this idea by conducting a study entitled, Patterns in the socioeconomic Characteristics of Women Obtaining Abortions in 2000-2001 . Jones et al. Adhered a representative sample of 10,000 women receiving abortion services ND analyzed their socioeconomic characteristics. In 2000, twenty-one in every one kelvin women had an abortion. This ratio is startling in itself. Further analysis of their study participants gave more details as to the circumstances of our society. Jones et al. Found that there was a higher rate of abortions amongst women who were between the ages of eighteen and twenty-nine, were unmarried, black or Hispanic, economically disadvantaged, had a previous birth, lived in a metropolitan area, and who were Christian.While there was an eleven percent decl ine in abortion dates from 1994 to 2000, the decline was mostly in women ages seventeen to twenty, and the rate actually increased amongst women who were poor or on Medicaid. Jones et al. Found that a high pregnancy rate is directly related to a high abortion rate. The researchers concluded that the only way to prevent abortion is to provide better opportunities for the lower classes in the forms of education and better health care.A decrease in unwanted pregnancies can be made possible by increasing awareness of, understanding of, and nettle to contraceptives whether they be condoms, intrauterine devices, oral contraceptive pills, etc. Better health care for those who are struggling financially would also provide better access to contraceptives. Similarly, because abortion services generally cost between $400 and $600, many women who are not in a financial position to afford professional services decide to obtain an abortion by other means. In an article by M.Bearer titled, Makin g Abortions Safe A Matter of Good overt Health Policy and Practice, women are obtaining unsafe or unsanitary abortion Bearer analyzed the statistics of infection and deathrate caused by improper abortion procedures. While the article partially encourages abortion and especially the equalization of such procedures, the emphasis of her article is on the health and safety of women. As many researchers have shown, the number of abortions that are performed is consistent across most countries, whether the process is illegal or not.Women are still resorting to abortion in times of unwanted pregnancy despite the possible legal ramifications. Servers stance is that with this in mind that abortion is going to be a part of society whether we ban it or not we might as well approve and legalize abortion so that women have the option of having the procedure done in a fee, clean environment rather than in a broken down storage shed by a man with a coat hanger.Abortion accounts for thirteen per cent of maternal mortality (Serer, 580) and menstrual regulation (the process of removing the lining of a womans uterus, similar to the natural menstrual cycle, to expel any implanted eggs, whether fertilized or not) is steadily increasing. In order to make abortion a completely safe procedure, we must first legalize abortion. Furthermore, education in abortion procedures should be required for all medical professionals nurses, midwives, even pediatricians and tot Just obstetrics and genealogy physicians, Bearer says.If we cannot legalize abortion, Bearer recommends at least reducing the punishment for those convicted of criminal abortion. Researchers Hide baronet Johnston, Elizabeth Olivers, Sashimi Skater, and Diana G. Walker agree with Bearer in their article, Health System Costs of Menstrual Regulation and Care for Abortion Complications in Bangladesh. Johnston et al. Advocate for increasing education and awareness of menstrual regulation as a birth control method in order t o bridge the gap between unwanted pregnancy and abortion.These researchers assert that menstrual regulation a process similar to the implantation of an intrauterine device in which a physician inserts a tube into a womans cervix and removes via vacuum the lining of the uterus is cheaper for medical service providers than treating the complications of illegal abortions. When abortion procedures go wrong, complications are a serious drain on medical resources in Bangladesh. This technique has also lead to a decrease in maternal deaths and has improved the economic conditions in the health care sector.In addition to their analysis of cost data related to abortion complications versus menstrual regulation, Johnston et al. Emphasize that this method of menstrual regulation reduces unwanted pregnancies without abortion and the terrible consequences that come with substandard abortion services. It is a simple, fast procedure that sidesteps illegal abortions and which can be seen as an et hical middle ground between abortion and carrying an unwanted pregnancy to term. This procedure is legal in most countries that have banned abortion. Johnston et al. Advocate for improved education for women who may benefit from this procedure.The common theme amongst all of the articles we have discussed so far is that ore and better medical services should be available to women whether it be to prevent unwanted pregnancy, to provide better care for pregnant women, or to provide abortion services. In a case study by Maharani Malaria, S. Sirius, and S. A researchers discuss the tragic case of a twenty-six year old woman who received an ill-performed abortion by a man with a wooden stick. The woman came into the emergency room suffering from abdominal pain and a sever fever indicating infection. Septic abortion is a spontaneous, therapeutic or artificial abortion complicated by pelvic infection (Malaria, 149). In India, cardinal percent of maternal deaths are caused by septic abort ion. After describing this horrific case, Malaria et al. Strongly recommend to the public that abortion policy be reviewed and legalized in order to prevent the instance of septic abortion. In an anonymous article titled A Doctor Tells Why She Performed Abortions And Still Would and written under the pseudonym Dry. X, a female doctor describes why she refuses to stop providing abortion services.The number of providers of abortion services (that is, licensed and medically trained with sanitary facilities) has decreased from 2,680 in 1985 to 1,787 in 2005. And while doctors are retiring, the new enervation of physicians are not being taught how to perform abortion services. As teaching hospitals have merged with religious institutions, abortion is no longer being taught to medical students. There are more than 1. 5 million abortions performed each year, making it the most common medical procedure in the United States. However, there are fewer and fewer providers of such services desp ite the consistent demand.This has resulted in more amateur providers conducting the procedure in less-than-sanitary conditions. Similarly, the aggressiveness and number of protesters outside of abortion clinics has risen to shocking levels. Instead of seeking out abortion services, women are hiding from the shame placed on them by these protesters, staying at home, and attempting to perform the procedures on themselves with reeds or knitting needles (Dry. X, 1265). According to Dry. X, the solution to this problem is, All physicians who care for reproductive-age women should have opt-out, rather than opt-in, abortion training (Dry.X, 1266). This will encourage medical students to participate in the training rather than going through the process of opting out of the course. This is one realistic solution to the problem of declining numbers of abortion service revisers. However, the consensus still seems to be that the most important step for us to take is legalizing abortion and doi ng away with punishments for those who receive and perform abortion services. In an article posted in the London Lancet, titled Abortion in the U. S. A. , the statistics of abortion in America are clearly outlined.Nearly half of all pregnancies are unintended. There are twenty-two abortions performed for every one thousand pregnancies. And while the legalization of abortion has changed over time and across cultures, the abortion incidence, rate and ratio have remained the same. Drug induced abortion is a new phenomenon that is peeking the interest of women all over the country. But these articles have left us wondering, is it better for women to experiment with chemicals and knitting needles than to provide professional abortion services? Where do our moral principles lie?Who is the priority in this situation the health and lives of women all over the globe or unborn fetus that have not yet begun to experience life? While the morality issue is certainly one of open debate, there is a platform on which we all can agree we must take provide care for all. The statistics have proven omen facing an unwanted pregnancy are still going to seek abortion services if they decide it is the only feasible option. The tone and primary focus of the scholarly journal articles reviewed here vary along a wide spectrum.

Sex’ vs ‘Sexuality

Assembling an Understanding of Sex Verses Sexuality Biologists and psychologists who stimulate accepted the philosophy that the only natural function of end up is reproduction have simply ignored the existence of internal activity which is not reproductive Alfred Kinsey (The dodge of Sexuality 40) The terms sex and grammatical gender have not always had a clear differentiation, but as the study of sexuality (sexology) has continued and become more commonly studied and recognized, these terms have adapted their own expositions.However, each does not have a perfect definition, because people will have their own opinions regarding the terms. The above quote by a historian of sex was interesting to me because it brings up the aspect of biology within the sagacity of the terms sex and sexuality. My personal idea, or understanding, is that sex constitutes the more biological side ones physical features, gender, reproduction (sex is excessively the abbreviation for sexual intercou rse) and the term sexuality makes up everything else that surrounds an individuals definition of their sexual identity, orientation, and feelings.When translation articles online, I came across this quote sexuality is about who or what you be attracted to, not where you put your whoreson (bitheway), which I found to be a very blunt but interesting way to stand for about what constitutes sexuality. Where you put your is your personal preference, but that preference is a compilation of the aspects of ones personal world and how they have come to define and understand their individual inclination. All of the parts that are compiled in order to form ones individual definition are aspects of sexuality within our husbandry.Another page online gives definitions for sex and sexuality that I have found to be the most clear and complete Sex refers to whether or not a person is male or female, whether a person has a penis or vagina. Sexuality refers to the total expression of who you are as a human being, your fe masculinity or your maleness Your sexuality is an interplay between body image, gender identity, gender role, sexual orientation, eroticism, genitals, intimacy, relationships, and love and affection includes his or her attitudes, values, familiarity and behaviors.How people express their sexuality is influenced by their families, culture, familiarity, faith and beliefs. (Sex and Sexuality Understanding the Differences) The influence from all aspects of our lives that pack us to define our sexuality is a major component in sexology. The italicized words in the definition above are some I think are very significant in understanding what constitutes sexuality.Since the study of sex started to dramatically change, there has been more understanding within so many an(prenominal) topics of sexuality, such as gender (roles and variance), marriage and the family, homosexuality, heterosexuality, bisexuality, intersex, trans-gender/sex/vestite, evolution of sexua l identities, legal and medical regulation, apparitional roles/codes, phallocentricism, womens bodies and health, illegitimacy, and the importance of social networks and oppositional sexualities (The Invention of Sexuality 39).This is only the first week that I have studied sexuality and culture in an educational environment, and after enjoying many sources of new material I have begun to compile my own understanding of sex and sexuality, which is just the beginning of my learning on the subject. One of the most important aspects to take away from these introductory lessons is how grand of a role cabaret and culture have on sexuality.It is so important to be aware of and take into account cultures influence on sexuality now and within the history of sex. In our US society (and this is a generalization) some vital influences are class, race/ethnicity, gender, age, family history and how one was raised, physical ability, religion and region. at a time that I have collected a better understanding of sex and sexuality as educational terms, I can further my knowledge of everything that makes up sexuality within cultures around the world.Bitheway. Sex Verses Sexuality. Bi The Way An exploration of Male Bisexuality. 6 May 2008. http//www. bitheway. co. uk/2008/05/06/sex-versus-sexuality/. Sex and Sexuality Understanding the Differences (Learning Activity). RECAPP 2007-2009. http//www. etr. org/recapp/index. cfm? fuseaction=pages. LearningActivitiesDeta il&PageID=167 The Invention of Sexuality. Sexual Lives A Reader on the Theories and Realities of Human Sexualities. McGraw-Hill, 2003.